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The 8 Intelligences

Every child has a unique pattern of intelligences. These intelligences do not just include the ability to get better grades, but also many real-life skills that will help the child be more perceptive and creative, communicate better, and have a fuller appreciation of the world around.

In order to more successfully nurture the best in each child, we need to have a fuller understanding of the 8 intelligences thus far identified by the Theory of Multiple intelligences:

  • Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence
  • Interpersonal Intelligence
  • Intrapersonal Intelligence
  • Linguistic Intelligence
  • Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
  • Musical Intelligence
  • Naturalist Intelligence
  • Spatial Intelligence



  • Bodily_Kinestetic Bodily-Kinesthetic Learner
    'The Mover'

    Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence

    • Enables one to manipulate objects and fine-tune physical skills
    • Is evident in those who rely on whole-body coordination, such as dancers and athletes, and those who depend on fine-motor coordination, such as jewellers and surgeons
    • Enables one to unite body and mind to perfect physical performance
    • Involves an acute sense of timing and the transformation of intention into action

    What do we know about bodily-kinesthetic learners?

     Enjoys
    • moving around

    • touching and talking

    • using body language
     Learns best by
    • touching

    • moving

    • interacting with space

    • processing knowledge through bodily sensations
     Excels in
    • athletics

    • dancing

    • acting

    • crafts

    • using tools
     We can nurture this intelligence in children by
    • giving them opportunities to role-play

    • promoting drama activities

    • encouraging participation in sports



    Interpersonal Interpersonal Learner
    'The Socialiser'

    Interpersonal Intelligence

    • Enables one to understand, communicate and interact effectively with others
    • Is evident in successful teachers, social workers, actors, politicians, clergy and salesmen
    • Involves a sensitivity to the moods and temperaments of others
    • Involves a sensitivity to both verbal and non-verbal communication
    • Involves the ability to form and maintain relationships with others
    What do we know about interpersonal learners?

     Enjoys
    • making friends

    • talking to people

    • joining groups
     Learns best by
    • sharing

    • relating to others

    • working in teams

    • interviewing
     Excels in
    • understanding people

    • leading others

    • organising

    • communicating

    • manipulating

    • mediating conflicts
     We can nurture this intelligence in children by
    • encouraging collaborative activities and projects

    • allowing them to express themselves



    Intrapersonal Intrapersonal Learner
    'The Individual'

    Intrapersonal Intelligence

    • Refers to the ability to form an accurate model of oneself and to use such knowledge in planning and directing one's life
    • Is evident in psychiatrists, philosophers, and spiritual leaders
    • Is used to gain self-awareness and develop and express one’s sense of self
    • Involves reflecting on one's thinking and learning processes
    • Matures as one gains life experiences and learns how to set goals and achieve them
    • Is usually the last intelligence to develop fully
    What do we know about intrapersonal learners?

     Enjoys
    • working alone

    • pursuing own interests

    • self-imagery
     Learns best by
    • working alone

    • reflecting

    • introspecting
     Excels in
    • understanding self
    • focusing inwards on feelings and dreams

    • following instincts

    • recognising strengths and weaknesses

    • setting and pursuing interests and goals

    • being original
     We can nurture this intelligence in children by
    • encouraging self-paced activities and individualised projects

    • providing private space

    • urging them to set personal goals
    Divider

    Linguistic Linguistic Learner
    'The Word Player'

    Linguistic Intelligence

    • Is the ability to think in words and to use language to express complex meanings
    • Is the most widely shared form of intelligence, because all people throughout the world have developed linguistic forms of communication
    • Is evident in public speakers, journalists, novelists and poets
    • Is expressed through reading, writing, speaking and listening
    • Is used extensively in teaching and learning
    What do we know about linguistic learners?

     Enjoys
    • reading

    • writing

    • listening

    • telling stories
     Learns best by
    • reading and seeing words

    • writing

    • listening

    • discussing and debating
     Excels in
    • remembering names

    • thinking in words

    • learning languages

    • spelling
     We can nurture this intelligence in children by
    • giving them access to text-rich material

    • encouraging them to express their thoughts verbally



    Logical_mathematical Logical-Mathematical Learner
    'The Questioner'

    Logical-Mathematical Intelligence

    • Enables one to calculate, quantify, consider propositions and hypotheses, and carry out complex mathematical operations
    • Is evident in scientists, mathematicians, and detectives
    • Enables one to discern patterns and relationships
    • Is responsible for sequential reasoning skills and deductive and inductive thinking
    • Is evident in scientific processes and methods
    What do we know about logical-mathematical learners?

     Enjoys
    • doing experiments

    • figuring things out

    • asking questions

    • working with numbers

    • exploring patterns and relations
     Learns best by
    • analysing patterns and relations

    • experimenting

    • solving problems
     Excels in
    • mathematics

    • reasoning

    • logical analysis

    • recognising patterns

    • using abstract symbols

    • problem solving

    • making connections between pieces of information
     We can nurture this intelligence in children by
    • using manipulatives
    • urging them to explore new ideas
    • encouraging them to engage in inductive and deductive reasoning



    Musical Learner
    'The Music Lover'

    Musical Intelligence

    • Is evident in people with a sensitivity to pitch, melody, rhythm and tone, such as composers, conductors, musicians, music critics, singers, instrument makers and skilled listeners
    • Is used to recognise, imitate, reproduce and create music
    • Includes the ability to read and respond to musical notation
    • Involves sensitivity to the affective or emotional qualities and aspects of music
    • Is usually the earliest intelligence to emerge
    What do we know about musical learners?

     Enjoys
    • singing
    • humming

    • whistling

    • listening to music

    • responding to music

    • playing an instrument
     Learns best by
    • following rhythm
    • singing
    • listening to music and melodies
     Excels in
    • singing

    • picking out sounds

    • remembering melodies, pitches and rhythms
     We can nurture this intelligence in children by
    • engaging them in gross motor and whole-body activities

    • presenting information through rhythms and melodies



    Naturalist Naturalist Learner
    'The Ecologist'

    Naturalist Intelligences

    • Is the ability to easily recognise and classify flora and fauna and other objects in nature
    • Includes the ability to identify and classify patterns in nature
    • Is evident in people from tribal cultures who knew which animals to hunt and could distinguish between harmful and useful plants
    • Is evident in people who can identify endangered plant or animal species, and those who are sensitive to changes in weather patterns or are adept at distinguishing nuances between large numbers of similar objects
    • Is evident in biologists, zoologists, botanists and farmers
    What do we know about naturalist learners?

     Enjoys
    • going to zoos, farms, aquariums and forests

    • observing natural phenomena

    • learning about planets, stars and space

    • camping and hiking
     Learns best by
    • sorting and classifying content in relation to the natural world

    • interacting with nature through field trips
     Excels in
    • discriminating flora and fauna

    • understanding natural phenomena
     We can nurture this intelligence in children by
    • letting them learn in natural surroundings

    • introducing gardening as a hobby

    • letting them take care of pets



    Spatial Spatial Learner
    'The Visualiser'

    Spatial Intelligence

    • Involves the capacity to think in three-dimensional terms
    • Is evident in sailors, pilots, sculptors, painters, artists and architects
    • Enables one to perceive both external and internal imagery
    • Includes the ability to navigate through space
    • Is expressed in graphic or artistic representation and interpretation
    • Often involves an active imagination and visualisation even without sight
    What do we know about spatial learners?

     Enjoys
    • drawing

    • building

    • designing and creating things

    • looking at pictures

    • daydreaming
     Learns best by
    • visualising

    • using the mind's eye

    • working with pictures and colours
     Excels in
    • thinking in images and pictures

    • remembering visual details

    • solving jigsaw puzzles

    • reading maps and charts
     We can nurture this intelligence in children by
    • encouraging them to work with art and construction materials
    • letting them create visual 'projects' such as maps, charts and diagrams

     

     

     

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